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The Niqaab
The Niqaab in light of the Holy Qur'an and Sahih Hadith and in the Opinions of the Salfus Saliheen(Pious Predecessors) and modern day scholars.
From the Quran
(This tafseer is Agreed upon by Ibn Kathir, Al-Qurtabi and At-Tabari)
The Noble Qur'an
Surah Al-Ahzaab, Verse #59
?O Prophet! Tell your wives and your daughters and the
women of the believers to draw their cloaks ("Jalabib")
veils all over their bodies (screen themselves
completely except the eyes or one eye to see the way
Tafseer Al-Qurtabi) that is most convenient that they
should be known (as such) and not molested: and Allah is
Oft-Forgiving Most Merciful."
Surah An-Nur, Verses #30 and #31
?And Say to the believing women to lower their gaze
(from looking at forbidden things), and protect their
private parts (from illegal sexual acts) and not to show
off their adornment except only that which is apparent
(like both eyes for necessity to see the way, or outer
palms of hands or one eye or dress like veil, gloves,
head cover, apron), and to draw their veils all over
Juyubihinna (i.e. their bodies, faces, necks and
bosoms)
From the Hadith
Sahih Al-Bukhari Volume 6, Book 60, Hadith # 282
Narrated Safiya bint Shaiba (Radhiallaahu ?ha)
"Aisha (Radhiallaahu ?ha) used to say: "When (the
Verse): "They should draw their veils over their necks
and bosoms," was revealed, (the ladies) cut their waist
sheets at the edges and covered their faces with
the cut pieces.
Sahih Al-Bukhari Volume 1, Book 8, Hadith # 368
Narrated 'Aisha (Radhiallaahu ?ha) Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) used to offer the Fajr
prayer and some believing women covered with their
veiling sheets used to attend the Fajr prayer with
him and then they would return to their homes
unrecognized .
Shaikh Ibn Uthaimin in tafseer of this hadith explains
"This hadith makes it clear that the Islamic dress is
concealing of the entire body as explained in this
hadith. Only with the complete cover including the face
and hands can a woman not be recognized. This was the
understanding and practice of the Sahaba and they were
the best of group, the noblest in the sight of Allah
(swt) with the most complete Imaan and noblest of
characters. so if the practice of the women of the
sahaba was to wear the complete veil then how can we
deviate from their path? (Ibn Uthaimin in the book
"Hijaab" page # 12 and 13)
Sahih Al-Bukhari Volume 1, Book 4, Hadith # 148
Narrated 'Aisha (Radhiallaahu ?ha): The wives of
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) used to
go to Al-Manasi, a vast open place (near Baqia at
xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" / Medina)
to answer the call of nature at night. 'Umar used to say
to the Prophet "Let your wives be veiled," but
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) did not
do so. One night Sauda bint Zam'a the wife of the
Prophet went out at 'Isha' time and she was a tall lady.
'Umar addressed her and said, "I have recognized you, O
Sauda." He said so, as he desired eagerly that the
verses of Al-Hijab (the observing of veils by the
Muslim women) may be revealed. So Allah revealed the
verses of "Al-Hijab" (A complete body cover
excluding the eyes).
Tirmidhi with a SAHIH chain reports
"Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) said ?All
of a woman is ?awrah.?
(Shaikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid quotes this hadith
narrated by Tirmidhi with a sahih isnaad and says this
is a direct hadith from Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam )
and has made it clear that a woman must cover everything
including the face and hands!)
Abu Dawood Book 14, Hadith # 2482
Narrated Thabit ibn Qays (Radhiallaahu ?hu): A
woman called Umm Khallad came to the Prophet
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) while she was veiled.
She was searching for her son who had been killed (in
the battle) Some of the Companions of the Prophet
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) said to her: You have
come here asking for your son while veiling your
face? She said: If I am afflicted with the loss of my
son, I shall not suffer the loss of my modesty.
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) said: You
will get the reward of two martyrs for your son. She
asked: Why is that so, oh Prophet of Allah? He replied:
Because the people of the Book have killed him.
Abu Dawood Book 32, Hadith # 4090
Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin (Radhiallaahu
?ha): When the verse "That they should cast their
outer garments over their persons" was revealed, the
women of Ansar came out as if they had crows over
their heads by wearing outer garments.
Abu Dawood Book 32, Hadith # 4091
Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin (Radhiallaahu ?ha)
"May Allah have mercy on the early immigrant women. When
the verse "That they should draw their veils over their
bosoms" was revealed, they tore their thick outer
garments and made veils from them.
Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalanee, who is known as Ameer
Al-Mu'mineen in the field of Hadith, said that the
phrase, "covered themselves", in the above Hadith means
that they "covered their faces". [Fath Al-Bari].
Imaam Malik's MUWATTA Book 20 Hadith # 20.5.16
Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa that
Fatima bint al-Mundhir (Radhiallaahu ?ha) said,
"We used to veil our faces when we were in Ihram in the
company of Asma bint Abi Bakr As-Siddiq (Radhiallaahu
?ha). "This
again proves that not only the wives of Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) wore the Niqaab and
that even though in Ihram women are not supposed to wear
Niqaab but if men are there they still have to cover the
face.
Abu Dawood Book 10, Hadith # 1829
Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: (Radhiallaahu ?ha)
who said, "The riders would pass us while we were with
the Messenger of Allah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam).
When they got close to us, we would draw our outer cloak
from our heads over our faces. When they passed by, we
would uncover our faces.
Recorded by Ahmad, Abu Dawood and Ibn Majah, Narrated
'Aisha. [In his work Jilbab al-Marah al-Muslimah,
al-Albani states (p. 108) that it is hasan due to
corroborating evidence. Also, in a narration from Asma
{who was not the wife of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu
?ayhi Wasallam)}, Asma also covered her face at all
times in front of men.] Shaikh Ibn Uthaimin in his
tafseer of this hadith explains "This hadith indicates
the compulsion of the concealing of the faces as an
order of Shariah, because during the Ihram it is "wajib"
(compulsory) NOT to wear the Niqaab. So if it was only
mustahab (recommended) to cover the face then Aisha and
Asma (Radhiallaahu ?ha) would have taken the wajib over
the mustahab. It is well known by the Ullima that a
wajib can only be left because of something that is also
wajib or fardh. So Aisha and Asma (Radhiallaahu ?ha)
covering the face even in Ihram in the presence of
strange (ghairMahraam) men shows that they understood
this to be an act that was wajib or fardh or they would
not have covered the face in Ihraam.
Sahih Al-Bukhari Volume 7, Book 72, Hadith # 715
Narrated 'Ikrima (Radhiallaahu ?hu) narrates
"Rifa'a divorced his wife whereupon 'AbdurRahman bin
Az-Zubair Al-Qurazi married her. 'Aisha said that the
lady (came), wearing a green veil."
It is a very long hadith but the point is the women of
Sahaba wore the full veil.
Sahih Al-Bukhari Volume 1, Book 8, Hadith # 347
Narrated Um 'Atiya (Radhiallaahu ?ha) We were
ordered (by Rasulullah '(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam)
to bring out our menstruating women and veiled women in
the religious gatherings and invocation of Muslims on
the two 'Eid festivals. These menstruating women were to
keep away from their Musalla. A woman asked, "O Allah's
Apostle ' What about one who does not have a veil
(the veil is the complete cover with only one eye or two
eyes showing)?" He said, "Let her share the veil of
her companion."
Shaikh Ibn Uthaimin in tafseer of this hadith explained
"This hadith proves that the general norm amongst the
women of the Sahaba (Radhiallaahu ?huma) was that
no woman would go out of her home without a cloak, fully
concealed and if she did not posses a veil, then it was
not possible for her to go out. it was for this reason
that when Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam)
ordered them to go to the Place for Eid Salah, they
mentioned this hindrance. As a result Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) said that someone
should lend her a veil, but did not say they could go
out without it. If Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi
Wasallam) did not allow women to go to a place like
the Eid Salah, which has been ordered by Shariah for
women and men alike, then how can people let women to
out to market places and shopping centers without where
there is open intermingling of the sexes, without a
veil. (by Shaikh Ibn Uthaimin in the book "Hijaab" page
# 11)
Sahih Al-Bukhari Volume 8, Book 76, Hadith # 572
In the end of this very long hadith it quotes Anas
(Radhiallaahu ?ho) rates from Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) "and if one of the
women of Paradise looked at the earth, she would fill
the whole space between them (the earth and the heaven)
with light, and would fill whatever is in between them,
with perfume, and the veil of her face is better than
the whole world and whatever is in it."
This show that even the women of Junnah have veils and
the word veil is what covers the face (niqaab).
Abu Dawood Book 33, Hadith # 4154, Agreed upon by Nasai
Aisha(Radhiallaahu ?ha)
narrates that on one occasion a female Muslim wanted to
give a letter to the Holy Prophet (Sallallaahu ?ayhi
Wasallam), the letter was delivered to the Holy
Prophet (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) from
behind a curtain.
Note: Quoted in the famous book Mishkaat. Here the
Mufasereen of hadith have explained that the hadith
where women came up to Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi
Wasallam) face to face were before the ayah "And
when you ask (his wives) for anything you want, ask them
from behind a screen, that is purer for your hearts and
for their hearts." (Surah AlAhz⢠ayah
# 53) And this hadith proves this order is for the
whole Ummah not just for the wives of Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam)!
Abu Dawood Book 2, Hadith # 0641
Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin (Radhiallaahu ?ha) "Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) said "Allah does not accept the prayer of a woman who has reached puberty unless she wears a veil."
Sahih Al-Bukhari Volume 9, Book 89, Hadith # 293
Narrated 'Aisha (Radhiallaahu ?ha) Utba bin Abi
Waqqas said to his brother Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas, "The son
of the slave girl of Zam'a is from me, so take him into
your custody." So in the year of Conquest of Mecca, Sa'd
took him and said. (This is) my brother's son whom my
brother has asked me to take into my custody." 'Abd bin
Zam'a got up before him and said, (He is) my brother and
the son of the slave girl of my father, and was born on
my father's bed." So they both submitted their case
before Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam).
Sa'd said, "O Allah's Apostle! This boy is the son of my
brother and he entrusted him to me." 'Abd bin Zam'a
said, "This boy is my brother and the son of the slave
girl of my father, and was born on the bed of my
father." Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam)
said, "The boy is for you, O 'Abd bin Zam'a!" Then
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) further
said, "The child is for the owner of the bed, and the
stone is for the adulterer," Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) then said to Sauda
bint Zam'a, "Veil (screen) yourself before him,"
when he saw the child's resemblance to 'Utba. The boy
did not see her again till he met Allah. note:
This hadith proves Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi
Wasallam) did infact order the veil to be observed.
Sahih Al-Bukhari Volume 7, Book 65, Hadith # 375
Narrated Anas (Radhiallaahu ?hu) I know (about)
the Hijab (the order of veiling of women) more than
anybody else. Ubai bin Ka'b used to ask me about it.
Allah's Apostle became the bridegroom of Zainab bint
Jahsh whom he married at Medina. After the sun had risen
high in the sky, the Prophet invited the people to a
meal. Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam)
remained sitting and some people remained sitting with
him after the other guests had left. Then Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) got up and went away,
and I too, followed him till he reached the door of
'Aisha's room. Then he thought that the people must have
left the place by then, so he returned and I also
returned with him. Behold, the people were still sitting
at their places. So he went back again for the second
time, and I went along with him too. When we reached the
door of 'Aisha's room, he returned and I also returned
with him to see that the people had left. Thereupon
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) hung a
curtain between me and him and the Verse regarding the
order for (veiling of women) Hijab was revealed.
Abu Dawood Book 32, hadith # 4100
Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin (Radhiallaahu
?ha): I was with Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi
Wasallam) while Maymunah was with him. Then Ibn Umm
Maktum came. This happened when we were ordered to
observe veil. Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam)
said: Observe veil from him. We asked: oh Rasulullah! is
he not blind? He can neither see us nor recognize us.
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) said: Are
both of you blind? Do you not see him?
Some verdicts derived from the Qur?an and the Hadith by
the Salfus Saliheen (Pious Predecessors), and some
verdicts of modern day scholars of different back
grounds.
From the Sahaba (Radhiallaahu ?huma)
Ibn ?baas (Radhiallaahu ?hu), who was one of
the most knowledgeable companions of Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam), Rasulullah (Sallallaahu
?ayhi Wasallam) even made duwaa for him saying "O Allah,
make him acquire a deep understanding of the religion of
Islam and instruct him in the meaning and interpretation
of things."
Ibn Jarir (Rahimahullah) with an authentic chain
of narrators has quoted Ibn Abbaas' (Radhiallaahu ?)
opinion was "that the Muslim women are ordered to cover
their head and faces with outer garments except
for one eye." (This is quoted in the Ma'riful Qur'an
in the tafseer of Surah Ahzaab ayah # 33, with reference
of Ibn Jarir with a sahih chain of narrators).
The Tabiee Ali Bin Abu Talha explained that this was the
last opinion of Ibn Abbas and the other opinions quoted
from him were from before Surah Al-Ahzaab, Verse #59 and
the order of the "Jalabib". Shaikh Ibn Uthaimin
commented on this saying of Ibn Abbaas (Radhiallaahu
?hu) by saying "This statement is "Marfoo" and in
shariah that is the same category as a hadith which is
narrated directly from Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi
Wasallam). The quote of Ibn Abbas is quoted by many
tabi'een like Ali Ibn Abu Talha and Ibn Jarir in
Ma'riful Quran by Mufti Muhammad Shafi vol.7 pg.217 and
also in Tafseer Ibn Jarir, Vol. 22, pg.29 and also by
Imaam Qurtabi all with SAHIH Chains and explained in the
book "Hijaab" by Ibn Uthaimin, Page # 9 and
authenticated in the book "Hijaab wa Safur"by
Shaikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (Rahimahullah) on page #11
and by Shaikh AbdulAziz bin Bazz (Rahimahullah) on page
# 55 and 60 )
Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud (Radhiallaahu ?hu) Who was known
as the most knowledgeable Sahabi in matters of Shariah.
He became Muslim when he was a young kid and ever since
that he stayed with Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi
Wasallam) and gained the understanding of Quran from
him. Umar Ibn Khattab (Radhiallaahu ?hu) said about him
"By Allah, I don't know of any person who is more
qualified in the matters dealing with the Quran than
Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud"
Explained, the word Jilbaab (as mentioned in the Quran
Surah Ahzaab ayah # 59 ) means a cloak which covering
the entire body including the head, face and hands.
(Quoted
from Ibn Taymiyyah (Rahimahullah) in his book on
fatwaas Page# 110 Vol # 2 and By Shaikh Ibn Uthamin in
the book Hijaab Page # 15)
Aisha (Radhiallaahu ?ha)
Stated that in verse 30 and 31 of Surah An Nur "What has been allowed to be shown is the hands, bangles and rings but the face must be covered.
(Quoted by Shaikh Abdul A'la Maududi in the book Purdah P# 195 and in his Tafseer of Quran under the tafseer of Surah An Nur)
Abu Ubaidah Salmani (Radhiallaahu ?hu), an other well known Sahabi is quoted saying "Jilbaab should fully cover the women's body, so that nothing appears but one eye with which she can see." (Tafseer Al-Qurtubi) And In the time of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) "The women used to don their cloaks (Jilbaabs) over their heads in such a manner that only the eyes were revealed in order to see the road." (The Book "Hijaab" page # 9)
Ubaida bin Abu Sufyan bin al-Harith('Radhiallaahu ?hu' An' Other well known and knowledgeable Companion of Rasulullah ) Imam Muhammad bin Sirin (Rahimahullah) One of the most knowledgeable tabi'een) said "When I asked Ubaida bin Sufyan bin al-Harith ('Radhiallaahu An') how the jalbaab was to be worn, he demonstrated it to me by pulling a sheet of cloth over his head to cover his entire body, leaving the left eye uncovered. This was also the explanation of the word 'Alaihinna in this verse" (Commentary by Ibn Jarir and Ahkam-ul-Quran, Vol.3, p.457 also in "hijaab wa Safur" quoted by Shaikh AbdulAziz Bin Bazz under the chapter of his fatwaa on hijab on page #54)
From the Tabi 'een
Hassan Al Basri (Rahimahullah)
States in his tafseer of the Surah An-Nur, "What a woman is allowed to show in this Ayah implies to those outer garments (not the face or hands) which the woman puts on to cover her internal decoration (her beauty).
(Quoted in the book "Purdah" P#194 )
Ibn Jarir (Rahimahullah) Quotes the opinion of Ibn
?baas (Radhiallaahu ?hu)
"Allah has enjoined upon all Muslim Women that when they
go out of their homes under necessity, they should cover
their faces by drawing a part of their outer garments
over their heads." (Tafseer Ibn Jarir, VOL 22, pg.29)
The Tabi'ee, Qatadah (Rahimahullah)
Stated that the Jilbab should be wrapped and fixed from
above the forehead and made to cover the nose, (although
the eyes are to show) and the chest and most of the face
are to be covered.
The Tabi'ee Ali bin Abu Talha (Rahimahullah)
Quotes from Ibn Abbaas (Radhiallaahu ?hu) that he used
to say it was allowed to show the hands and face when
Surah Nur ayah #31 was revealed but after Surah
Al-Ahzaab, Verse #59 with the word "Jalabib" was
revealed then after this Ibn Abbaas (Radhiallaahu ?hu)
said that That the Muslim women are ordered to cover
their head and faces with outer garments except for one
eye." And this was also the opinion of Ibn Mas'ud
(Radhiallaahu ?hu). (This is quoted by Ibn Taymiyyah
(Rahimahullah) in his book of fatwaa and by Shaikh
AbdulAziz Bin Bazz (Rahimahullah) in the book "Hijaab wa
Safur" Page # 60)
Imam Muhammad bin Sirin (Rahimahullah) One of the most
knowledgeable tabi'een)
"When I asked Ubaida bin Sufyan bin al-Harith
('Radhiallaahu ?hu' Other well known and knowledgeable
Companion of Rasulullah) the meaning of this verse about
"Alaihinna" and how the jalbaab was to be worn, he
demonstrated it to me by pulling a sheet of cloth over
his head to cover his entire body, leaving the left eye
uncovered. This was also the explanation of the word
'Alaihinna in this verse"(Commentary
by Ibn Jarir and Ahkam-ul-Quran, Vol # 3, p.457 also in
"hijaab wa Sufor" quoted by Shaikh AbdulAziz Bin Bazz
under the chapter of his fatwaa on hijab on page #54)
From the Mufasireen of Quraan...
The Mufassir, Imaam Al-Qurtubi (Rahimahullah),
Cites in his Tafseer of the Ayah on Jilbaab (Al-Ahzab
33:59), that the Jilbaab is: "a cloth which covers the
entire body... Ibn 'Abbaas (Radhiallaahu ?hu)
and 'Ubaidah As-Salmaani (Radhiallaahu ?hu) said that it
is to be fully wrapped around the women's body, so that
nothing appears but one eye with which she can see."
(Tafseer Al-Qurtubi Surah Al-Ahzab ayah # 59. This was
also agreed upon by Imam WahidiImam Neishapuri in
the book of tafseer of Quran "Gharaib -ul-Quran" and "Ahkam-ul-Quran",
Imam Razi, in his tafseer of Surah Azhab in the
book "Tafsir-i-Kabir" Imam Baidavi in his tafseer
of Quran "Tafsir-i-Baidavi" and by Abu Hayyan in
"Al-Bahr-ul-Muhit" and by Ibn Sa'd Muhammad bin Ka'b
Kuradhi and they have all descirbed the use of
jalbaab more or less in the SAME way as the two
described by Ibn Abbas (Radhiallaahu ?hu).)
Also from Imaam Qurtubi (Rahimahullah)
in his Al-Jamia li Ahkaamul Qur㮠states:
"All women are in effect covered by the terms
of the verse which embraces the Shar饠principle
that the whole
of a woman is ??rah? (to be concealed) ? her face, body
and voice, as mentioned previously. It is not
permissible to expose those parts except in the case of
need, such as the giving of evidence?"
("Al-Jamia li Ahkaamul Qur㮢)
At-Tabari and Ibn Al-Mundhir
described the method of wearing the jalbaab according to
Ibn Abbas (Radhiallaahu ?hu) and Qatadah (Radhiallaahu ?hu).
The sheet should be wrapped around from the top,
covering the forehead, then bringing one side of the
sheet to cover the face below the eyes so that
most of the face and the upper body is covered. This
will leave both eyes uncovered (which is allowed in
necessity).(Rul-ul-Ma'ani,
Vol 22, p.89)
Ibn Kathir (Rahimahullah) said...
"Women must not display any part of their beauty and
charms to strangers except what cannot possibly be
concealed." (Quoted by Mufti Ibrahim Desi in his
article on hijaab)
Maoulana Abul A'la Maududi (Rahimahullah) In his tafseer
of Surah Azhab ayah #59
"In verse 59 the third step for social reform was taken.
All the Muslim women were commanded that they should
come out well covered with the outer garments and
covering their faces whenever they came out of their
houses for a genuine need." (From Tasfeer of Quran by
Maoulana Abul A'la Maududi in tafseer of ayah # 59 of
Surah Al-Ahzaab)
From the 4 Madhabib (4 madhabs).......
Mufti Anwar Ali Adam Al Mazahiri (Mufti A'azam (Head
Mufti) of Madrasa Madinatil Uloom Trinidad & Tobago.)
"Imam Shafi, Malik and Hanbal hold the view that niqaab
(covering the face and the hands completely with only
a small area for the eyes to see) as
being compulsory (fard).
Imam Abu Hanifa says that niqaab is Wajib
and the face and hands can be exposed provided that
there is not fear of desire if one looks at the female
face, otherwise if there is the slightest chance of
desire developing in the looker (the meaning of
desire is that the looker would see the female face and
think that she is beautiful, sexual thaught is not what
is meant) then exposing the face and hands is
Haraam.
(This is from the fatwaa issued by Mufti Anwar Ali Adam
Al Mazahiri on 13/9/99. He derived the opnions of the 4
Imaams from these sources Tafseer Ibn Katheer,
Tafseer Ma'rifatul Qur'aan, Durre Muhtaar,
Fatawa Shami, Al Mabsoot, Fathul
Qadeer. And the opinion of Imaam Abu hanifah is a
directly derived from his statements in the Famous book
of hanafi Fiqh Fatwaa Shami)
Shaikh AbdulAziz Bin Bazz (One of the greatest scholars of our times. He passed away 26th of Muharram 1420 Hijrah. (12th of May 1999) Rahimahullah. He belonged to the Hanbali School of jurisprudence.)"It is compulsory for a woman to cover her face in front of non mahram men"(This has been quoted in Shaikh Bin Bazz's pamphlet on Hijab and in the book 'Islamic Fatwas regarding Women' and in the Arabic version of the book "hijaab Wa Safur" page #51)
Shaikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (Rahimahullah)
Relates that the correct opinion for the Hanbali and
Malki madhaib is that is is wajib to cover everything
except one or two eyes to see the way.
(from the Arabic book "Hijaab wa Safur" under the fatwaa
of Ibn Taymiyyah on hijaab, page # 10)
Shaikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid
Quotes All of the woman is awrah based on the hadith of
"Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) said ?All of
a woman is ?awrah.? (Narrated by Tirmidhi with a
sahih
isnaad).This is the correct view according to the
madhhab of the Hanbalis, one of the two views of the
Maalikis and one of the two views of the Shaafa?is.
(Quoted in his book of fatwaa and on his web site)
Jamiatul Ulama Junbi Africa sated that the proper
opinion for
the Hanafi madhab is that
"A woman must be properly and thoroughly covered in a
loose outer cloak which totally conceals her entire body
including her face!"
(This from the book Islamic Hijab by Jamiatul Ulama
P.12)
Mufti-e-Azam Rasheed Ahmad Ludhyanvi (Rahimahullah, one
of the head Muftis of the hanafi Madhab of his
time This opinion is taken to be the correct
opinion of the hanafi madhab today)
Explained in his tafseer of Surah Al-Ahzaab, Verse #59.
"Allah Ta'ala is telling them that whenever out of
necessity they have togo out, they should cover
themselves with a large cloak and draw a corner of it
over their faces so that they may not be recognised.
(From his article "A Detailed, analytical review on the
Shar'ee hijab")
From the known and respect authentic Ullima.......
Ibn Al-Hazam (Rahimahullah)
"In arabic language, the language of the Prophet (saw),
the word jilbaab (as mentioned in the Quran Surah Ahzaab
ayah # 59) means the outer sheet which covers the
entire body. A sheet smaller than that which would
cover the entire body, cannot be catagrized as jilbaab.
(Al-Muhallah, Vol 3. Pg 217)
Ibn Al-Mandhur (Rahimahullah)
"Jalabib is plural for Jilbaab. Jalbaab is actually the
outer sheet/coverlet which a woman wraps around, on top
of her garments to cover herself from head to toe. This
covers the body entirely."
(Lisan ul-Arab, VOL 1. Pg.273)
Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalanee (Rahimahullah)
A tradition reported on the authority of Aisha
(Radhiallaahu ?ha) says: "A woman in a state of Ihram
(during Hajj and Umrah) should stretch her head cloth
over to her face to hide it."
(In Fathul Bari, chapter on Hajj)
Shaikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (Rahimahullah) relates:
"Women used to room about without Cloaks (Jilbaabs) and
men used to see their faces and hands, but when the
verse stating 'O Prophet! Tell your wives and your
daughters and the women of the believers to draw their
cloaks over themselves.' (Surah Al-Ahzaab,Verse #59)was
reveled, then this was prohibited and women were ordered
to wear the Jilbaab. Then Ibn Tayimiyyah goes on to say
"The word Jilbaab means a sheet which Ibn Mas'ud
(Radhiallaahu ?hu) explained as a cloak covering the
entire body including the head, face and hands.
Therefore, it is not permissible for the women to reveal
the face and hands in public.
(Ibn Taymiyyah's book on fatwaas Page# 110 Vol # 2 also
in the book Hijaab Page # 15)
Shaikh AbdulAziz Bin Bazz (Rahimahullah)
"According to the understanding of the best generations
(the "Salaf") after the ayah of hijaab was revealed than
Muslims women must cover everything including the face
and hands. they can show one eye or two eyes to see the
way. this was the opnion held by many of the sahaba
like Ibn Abbaas, Ibn Masud, Aisha (Radhiallaahu ?huma)
and others and this opnion was upheald by the Tab'ieen
who followed than as Ali bin Abi Talha and Muhammad bin
Sirin (Rahimahullah) and by the ritious ullima who
followed them as Ibn Taymiyyah and Imaam Ahmed bin
Hanbal (Rahimahullah)"
(Quoted from the book "hijaab wa Sufor")
Shaikh Abubakar Jassas (Rahimahullah)
states "This verse of Surah Ahzab shows that the young
women when going out of their homes are ordered to
cover their faces from strangers (non-mahram men),
and cover herself up in such a manner that may express
modesty and chastity, so that people with evil
intentions might not cherish hopes from her". (Ahkum
Al-Quran, VOL. III, p.48)
Imaam Ghazaali (Rahimahullah) "Woman emerged (during the time of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) with NIQAABS on their Faces" (From his famous book of Fiqh "Ihyaal Uloom")
Qazi Al-Baidavi
(Rahimahullah)
"to let down over them a part of their outer garments"
means that they should draw a part of their outer
garment in front of their face and cover themselves"
(Tafsir-I-Baidavi, Vol 4, p.168)
Jamia Binoria Pakistan (This is a Question and Answer
from a Mufti at one the highly respected hanafi Islamic
Universites of Pakistan)
Ques:
Under which conditions are women allowed to leave the
home?
Ans:
The principle command for women is that they should
remain in their home and should not go out without any
extreme need because mischief is feared in their going
out. However if they have to go out in extreme
necessity then they should go with a Mahram and duly
covered in Burqa' (a "Burqa" covers the whole
body including the hands and face) or large overlay so
that their body including their cloths should not be
visible and after buying the required article they
should come back at once. In this condition there is no
Haraam.
It is also stated in the Famous books of Fiqh Durrul
Mukhtar...
"Young women are prohibited from revealing their
faces in the presence of men."
Hakimul Ummah Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi (Rahimahullah)
states in his famous book of Hanafi Fiqh "Bahishti Zewar."
"It is not permissible for a young woman to expose her
face in the presence of ghayr mahrams, nor should she
stand in a place where she could be observed. We learn
from this, that the custom of exposing the bride's face
in public where all the men can observe her is also not
permissible. To do so is a major sin." (Bahishti
Zewar)
Shaikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid (One of the great
scholars of out time.
click here for the full fatwaa on covering the face and
who can you uncover the face infront of-->Fatwaa
on niqaab
"The most correct opinion, which is supported by
evidence, is that it is obligatory to cover the
face, therefore young women are forbidden to uncover
their faces in front of non-mahram men in order to avoid
any mischief"
An other fatwaa when he was asked about is it preferred
for sisters to wear the niqab, he said....
"The fact is that it is obligatory for women to
cover their faces" as to how to wear the niqaab the
Shaikh said "A woman may uncover her left eye in order
to see where she is going, and if necessary she may
uncover both eyes. The opening should only be wide
enough for the eyes."
Yet in an other Fatwaa he explained what was the Awrah
of a woman with..."Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu ?ayhi Wasallam) said ?All of a
woman is ?awrah.? (Narrated by al-Tirmidhi with a
saheeh
isnaad).This is the correct view according to the
madhhab of the Hanbalis, one of the two views of the
Maalikis and one of the two views of the Shaaf?is.
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